What+are+teacher+and+parents+opinions+on+inclusion?

Annotated Bibliography Haynes, D.V. (2006, September 17). Parents Oppose Special-Ed ‘Inclusion’. //The Washington Post//. http://www.washingtonpost.com

Clifford B. Janey, a D.C. School Superintendent plans to put 2,000 disabled students in public schools and close 4 special-education centers. His reason is to save money and integrate the children into the general education population. This proposal angered some parents of special-education students. Some parents prefer their children to be in a special-education school. Most teachers do not have a degree in special education and they do not know how to handle those children. Before it is done parents will have the opportunity to voice their opinions.

I chose this source as my editorial piece because it came from a credible source, The Washington Post. I also chose it because it clearly addresses my research question of, What is the parents and teachers view on inclusion in the classroom. This source gave me a lot of great answers and showed both sides of parents and teachers. Overall I found this to be a great source.

Baker, A. (2012, August 31). Mainstreaming Efforts Praised in Schools Study. //The New York Times.// http://www.nytimes.com

The New York City schools are preparing for the reforms of special education and there are concerns if the schools have enough money and trained teachers to make the changes. All special education students besides ones with severe needs may enroll in neighborhood zoned schools. The schools are being encouraged to move more special education students into regular classrooms. A major goal for the schools is to increase the graduation rates for special education students. Some schools have very few students in special education and there can be financial shortages. In all, 160,000 of the city’s 1.1 million students receive some kind of special education services.

I chose this article as my analysis article because it gave me a good overview of ending inclusion in a specific city. Although this article did not focus fully on my research question it gave me a lot of good information to then lead me into more research specifically about my question. This article brought up the reoccurring point they a lot of school systems want to begin inclusion to save them money by cutting down on the number of schools. Overall I found this source very helpful and reliable.

Gable, R., Tonelson, S., Sheth, M., Wilson, C., & Park, K. (2012). Importance, Usage, and Preparedness to Implement Evidence-based Practices for Students with Emotional Disabilities: A Comparison of Knowledge and Skills of Special Education and General Education Teachers. //Education & Treatment Of Children (West Virginia University Press)//, //35//(4), 499-519.

Special education and general education teachers must be prepared to deal with the academic and non-academic needs of students with emotional disabilities. A study done showed that many special education teachers and general education teachers lack the necessary preparation to implement a number of evidence –based classroom practices effectively. These classroom practices include, curricular modifications, cooperative learning, peer-assisted and peer- mediated intervention, conflict resolution, social skills, anger management. By virtually any measure, students referred to as children and youth with "emotional/ behavioral disorders," "emotional difficulties," or "emotional disabilities" (ED) are among the least successful of all students. In the past, many students with ED were educated in self-contained classrooms, separate or alternative schools, or in residential facilities, but today more students with ED are being taught alongside their peers without disabilities in general education classrooms.

I chose this as one of my scholarly sources because it provided examples and studies of students with a certain type of disorder with inclusion. It clearly explained the survey done its procedures and the results it had. Although it mainly focused on Emotional Disorders it still was a great source to use. It provided a lot of good general information as well on teachers opinions of inclusion in their own classrooms.

Spencer, S. (2011). Universal Design for Learning: Assistance for Teachers in Today's Inclusive Classrooms. //Interdisciplinary Journal Of Teaching & Learning//, //1//(1), 10-22.

 Universal design for learning (UDL) is a valuable tool for the proactive planning of engaging, accessible lessons in today’s diverse classrooms. UDL focuses on three core principles—representation, expression, and engagement—to help educators develop motivating, accessible instruction that will increase the participation of all learners, including those with special needs. The UDL provides the teachers that don’t know how to teach their students with special needs with a plan and tools they need to. It helps teachers teach all their students at once and not feel like they are secluding certain children in their classroom from others. Most inclusive classrooms contain students who have learning disablilities, more than 88% of students with learning disablilties spend 40% of the day in general education classrooms. Overl all the UDL provides teachers with a plan to teach all kids without having to worry about certain individuals. This plan helps to make inclusion more possible in classrooms. I chose this source as my second scholarly sources because it gave a lot of great examples of different disabilities and how this teaching plan can help teachers teach everyone. This source showed that inclusion is possible in classrooms that utilize this form of planning their classroom. This source gave a lot of great examples of different situations within a classroom and how the UDL makes all those situations possible. Overall I found this source to be very informational and very helpful. Allison, R. (2012). The Lived Experiences of General and Special Education Teachers in Inclusion Classrooms: A Phenomenological Study- Rinyka Allison. Grand //Canyon University//. November 2012. http://www.gcu.edu/ Inclusion in public schools involves providing the least restrictive environment for students with disabilities. There was a study done on 4 general and 4 special education elementary school teachers who taught in an inclusion setting in a large urban district in the southeastern Unites States. Key findings revealed that participants believed successful implementation of inclusion is dependent on professional development opportunities, administrator support, and mutual respect between general and special education teachers. Implications for positive social change are that general education teachers may be more receptive to integrating students with disabilities in the general education setting, and special education teachers may take a more active role in the implementation of inclusion. The six major goals of IDEA sparked an initiative that is now known as the phenomena of inclusion. In 1986, the federal government encouraged the integration of regular and special education classrooms, known as the Regular Education Initiative (REI). With the integration of special needs students into general education classes, objections to inclusion emerged. Due to the cost of advocating for children to be included with their non-disabled peers, parents were often hesitant to sue for this right for their child. Although parents may sue their local school board for the right of their special needs child to be included in the general education setting, numerous cases are lost because inclusion may not be the least restrictive environment for their child. Some educators as well as parents believe that students who are determined to have more severe disabilities and require more one-on-one assistance do not qualify for inclusion but rather for a separate setting.

I chose this source as my reputable website because it gave a clear history and explanation on inclusion. It also gave a great example of a study done comparing general and special education teachers. It also gave pros and cons of inclusion and also negative and positive views by teachers and parents about it. Overall I thought this source was one of the best that I found and it got a lot of information out of it.