Kingston+Child+Development+Center

Emily Ali

=﻿ UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND, KINGSTON CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER =

[] =__INTRODUCTION __= The present Child Development Center program has its roots in a campus nursery school program started in the 1920s. The original nursery school was a half-day program operating two days a week in a building that is currently the Kingston Inn. In 1958 the present building was designed and constructed to specifically serve as the Child Development Center. The program continued to be a half-day session until 1980 when a full-day child-care option was added. In September of 1995, The Child Development Center introduced a full-day kindergarten. Currently, the Child Development Center serves approximately 40 families per year in full- and half-day options. The Child Development Center continues to be the campus laboratory school where student training and research are important priorities. (URI Child Development Center Student Handbook 2009-2010)

The University of Rhode Island Child Development Center is open to all families. The CDC serves children from three years to six years of age from URI affiliated families and from the community at large. Children with disabilities are included in the program. There are 17 full-day preschool slots, 3 half-day preschool slots, and 14 full-day kindergarten slots available each year.

Children are eligible for kindergarten if their fifth birthday is on or before August 31st in the year in which they are attending.

Families wishing to enroll a child in the program fill out an application form and submit it to the CDC. Upon receipt of the completed application, the child’s name is placed on the waiting list. Children are enrolled in accordance with program, undergraduate teaching, and research needs of the Department of Human Development and Family Studies. For example, the program is typically balanced with respect to sex and age. Also, preference is given to siblings of currently enrolled children. Vacancies in the program are filled on the basis of these criteria, rather than strictly on the basis of date of application. There is often a waiting list for enrollment in the CDC Program. Openings are filled from the waiting list.

The CDC program has three spaces reserved for children with disabilities from the surrounding community for whom a typical, open classroom, early childhood program is the appropriate least restrictive environment. The affiliated school system will be responsible for the fees for these children’s placements. If an appropriate child with a disability is not available for a space, the space will be filled from the regular waiting list. (URI Child Development Center website)

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=﻿Mission Statement = The Child Development Center is **part of the Department of Human Development and Family Studies at the University of Rhode Island**. The Department offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in areas related to working with children and families.

The **CDC has three missions** which mirror those of the University--teaching, research, and service.

1. Relative to teaching, the CDC provides high quality early care and education programs for preschool and kindergarten children and their families. The CDC also fulfills a teaching mission for URI students with approximately 150 intermediate and advanced undergraduate students completing practica at the center each year. A larger number of URI students (almost 500 per year) use the CDC as an observation site for assignments in a variety of courses across campus.

2. The CDC serves as a research site with the CDC children, families, and staff participating in research studies conducted by URI faculty and students. Investigations may focus on a range of topics related to the social, emotional, physical, and cognitive development of young children; the creation and management of early education environments; relationships between teachers and children, teachers and parents, and parents and children.

3. In the area of service, the CDC is dedicated to providing an exemplary early care and education program that serves as a model of the best in early childhood practices. As the campus "lab school," the CDC serves as a resource for early childhood educators in RI. Educators from across the state can call with questions or requests to observe. The staff also participates in outreach to the community by being active in professional organizations devoted to young children and by presenting at state and regional conferences. (URI Child Development Center Student Handbook 2009-2010)

=<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">CDC Program Philosophy = The URI Child Development Center early childhood program is based on a belief in the uniqueness and intrinsic value of each child, family, student, and staff member. They therefore strive to develop a program that will enhance the development of each child and family to the fullest extent possible as functional families encourage healthy development in children. There program philosophy, curriculum, and objectives are based on the integration of a number of theories of child development and early education as well as on recent research findings.

One significant influence, which informs their decisions, is the **National Association for the Education of Young Children's position statement on Developmentally Appropriate Practice**. This statement emphasizes the importance of basing curriculum decisions on three critical factors:

1. **age appropriateness:** in which decisions are made based on what is known about children's growth and development in the early childhood years.

2. **individual appropriateness:** in which decisions are made understanding that each individual child has unique strengths interests and needs.

3. **social and cultural appropriateness:** in which decisions are made based on knowledge about child's social and cultural environment.

In a developmentally appropriate program, each of these factors informs curricular decisions.

Other influences include the integration of a number of child development and early education theories and approaches such as: **The constructivist theory advocated by Piaget, Forman, Kamii, DeVries** and other therists tell us that children construct their own knowledge as they strive to make sense of the world around them. Children learn when they are actively engaged and intrinsically motivated to learn. The teacher's role is to provide a rich and diverse environment with many opportunities for exploration, investigation, formulating questions, and solving problems.

The Child Development Center's philosophy is influenced by the work of Howard Gardner. His theory articulates the existence of eight intelligences: 1. linguistic 2. logical-mathematical 3. spatial 4. bodily-kinesthetic 5. musical 6. interpersonal 7. intrapersonal 8. naturalistic

Gardner emphasizes the importance of recognizing that each child has a unique approach to learning and that teachers must provide curricular opportunities in each of these eight intelligences so that all children can experience success.

Lev Vygotsky's work articulates the importance of social interaction for learning to take place. Additionally, educators from the city of Reggio Emilia, Italy emphasize the importance of providing opportunities for creativity and for documenting children's ideas in a variety of different ways.

Based on the belief that children are best understood within the context of their family and community, the CDC strives to foster strong reciprocal relationships with families and to use knowledge of the community it serves as an integral part of curriculum and children’s learning experiences. The CDC seeks to understand families’ personal and cultural backgrounds, creates and maintains effective two-way communication and supports and nurtures family members to be effective advocates for their children. Families are encouraged to work in partnership sharing their knowledge of their child’s interests, approaches to learning, and the child’s developmental needs and to learn about their concerns and goals for their child. Families are encouraged to be active participants in the program and are offered numerous and diverse opportunities to be included in all aspects of the program. (URI Child Development Center Student Handbook 2009-2010)

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=<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Statement of Curriculum = Based on their philosophy and their program goals, the curriculum of the preschool and kindergarten programs at the CDC are designed to meet the needs of the whole child through a play-oriented, integrated approach. At the Child Development Center, they see curriculum as not only the specific activities presented to children but also encompassing everything that happens in an early childhood classroom. Curriculum includes a consistent daily schedule, a well-defined classroom environment, the positive verbal and nonverbal climate, the teacher's instructional strategies, peaceful guidance techniques, informal discussions, the types of activities presented, among other components.

Translating this view of curriculum into daily practice, the Child Development Center uses an environmentally oriented curriculum based on the work of Diane Trister Dodge who advocates that the classroom environment serves as the overarching structure for curriculum. They provide an environment which is divided into learning centers including an art area, a block area, a manipulative area, a library corner, a family living/dramatic play area, a writing center, a computer area, a texture table, and a science area. During child choice activity times, each learning center provides activities consistent with that area of the classroom. Children are free to choose a center or centers for participation as well as the nature of their interaction with the materials. as a result, each learning experiences provides children opportunities to move toward many goals.

During the activity times, over the course of a week, the following types of activities are frequently offered:

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Creative art - Examples include painting, collage, gluing, recycled construction, sculpting, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Manipulatives - Examples include buttons, sifters, small blocks, Lego people, popsicle sticks, tongs, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Science Experiences - Examples include weights, magnets, balancing, pulleys, pendulums, mixing, catapulting, sensory experiences, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Texture Experiences - Examples include water, sand, goopy-goop, rice, beans, silly putty, puff balls, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Creative Dramatics - Examples include circus play, hospital play, restaurant play, beauty parlor, car wash, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Large Block / Gross Motor - Examples include climber, balance beam, trikes, construction with blocks, target activities, dancing, tumbling, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Meeting Time - Examples include songs, stories, instruments, finger plays, games, movement, experiments, literacy activities, listening, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Literacy Experiences - Examples include journal writing, language experience stories, poems and stories on charts, big books, story retelling, book making, dictating experiences, letter searches, etc.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; tab-stops: .25in; tabstops: .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">• Numercy Experiences - Examples include graphs and charts, group math games, measuring, calendar, classifying, seriating, etc.

Within this environmentally oriented curriculum, a number of strands are woven into their emergent planning. Guided by Piaget’s constructivist theory on how children learn, the use of physical knowledge activities gives children the opportunity to learn how the world works through the movement of objects and changes in objects. Children are engaged in building knowledge of the physical world as they vary and change their actions, make observations and evaluate the results. Children might explore shadow-making, rolling or pendulum swinging.

Another strand is process investigations focusing on the processes of the world as opposed to particular content and emerge from children's questions. "Why does that paper towel soak up that grape juice?" may lead to an investigation of the process of absorption. "How do I get this block to stay on this tower?" may lead to an investigation of the process of balancing. Activities related to the particular process being investigated will take place in various centers throughout the classroom.

At the Child Development Center there are a number of content strands, which are woven throughout the curriculum at all times. These content strands are content which the CDC believe are critically important for children's growth and development. These content strands include: This content is addressed throughout the various activities, which are offered to children.
 * peacemaking and non-violent conflict resolution
 * respect for the environment and nature
 * an understanding of issues related to conservation
 * beginning understanding of the value of community service
 * celebration of diversity and the ability to challenge bias
 * increasing independence and self help development.

Each activity is designed to provide the opportunity for each individual child to interact with the materials in a unique way. Each activity is also designed to potentially provide learning encounters in a range of areas. So, each child is provided with an individual experience.

**For example**: a group of children playing at the water table may each experience the materials in a different way. For one child, it may be a science experience as the child investigates the behavior of various materials in the water. For another child, it may be a social experience as this child playfully shares the fun of playing with water with a friend. For a third child, it may be a language experience as the child has opportunities to use new language. In this way, each activity provided at the CDC is viewed as enhancing each individual child’s potential for positive learning experiences and development in a range of curriculum areas. (URI Child Development Center Student Handbook 2009-2010)

The CDC has tried to develop a program that strives to help each child and family feel safe, secure and comfortable by providing a warm, nurturing, and accepting atmosphere. thier program provides a rich and diverse range of educational experiences in an open classroom environment that maximizes each child’s opportunity to make choices about their involvement. Children learn about themselves and the world around them through games, stories, songs, creative art, play, investigations, and interactions with peers and adults. Each day offers the children new and interesting things to explore in a general environment of daily routines that provide the stability and security of familiarity. The daily schedule offers opportunity for active play and quiet times. The children have time to dance, sing, run, explore, create, sit quietly and observe, and investigate. (S. D. G. Warford, personal communication, March 14, 2011).



=__<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 140%;">Community Background __=

**Income/Poverty:** data collected (2005-2009)
<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Based on the facts that the United States Cencus has presented, the community of South Kingstown is a relatively wealthy and well off community compared to United States and their median household income which is $23,076 dollars less than what the average household income is in South Kingstown. South Kingstown's family poverty level is drastically lower than the state of Rhode Island and the United States even with having close to the same average family size across the board. These facts that the US Cencus has provided should mean that the town of South Kingston should have a great school system, with highly qualified teachers and realitivily high test scores.
 * ||< **South Kingstown** || **Rhode Island** || **United States****(2005-2009)** ||
 * **Median Household Income** || $74,501 (2009) || $55,569(2009) || $51,425 ||
 * **Median Family Income** || $95,466(2009) || $71,037(2009) || $62,363 ||
 * **Average Income Per Individual** || N/A || $28,638 (2009) || $27,041 ||
 * **Families Below Poverty Level** || 3.6% || 8.1%(2009) || 9.9% ||
 * **Individuals Below Poverty Level** || 7.0% || 11.6%(2009) || 13.5% ||
 * **Average Family Size** || 3.11% || 3.17% || 3.19% ||
 * **People Under 5 Years** || 1,216 or 4.6% || $61,271 || 6.9% ||

Data collected from: US census website []

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">The data collected on the race and ethnicity of South Kingstown does not include the students enrolled at The University of Rhode Island which is in the community of South Kingstown. The data collected only is to the residence in the town of South Kingstown. The University has a wide variety of Ethnic backgrounds, cultures and races. Which would drastically change the percentages, and numbers that this data table provides.
 * Race/Ethnicity:** data collected (2005-2009)
 * || **South Kingstown** || **Rhode Island** || **United states****(2005-2009)** ||
 * **White** || 26,828 or 91.7% (2009) || 875,224 or 82.8%(2009) || 74.5% ||
 * **Black/African American** || 561 or 1.9% (2009) || 57,658 or 5.5%(2009) || 12.4% ||
 * **Asian** || 812 or 2.8% (2009) || 29,067 or 2.7%(2009) || 4.4% ||
 * **Hispanic** || 719 or 2.5% (2009) || 120,586 or 11.4%(2009) || 15.1% ||
 * **American Indian or Alaska Native** || 252 or 0.9% (2009) || 4,520 or 0.4% || .8% ||
 * **2 or more races** || 657 or 2.2% (2009) || 21,168 or 2.0%(2009) || 2.2% ||

Data collected from: US census website []

=__<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">District Summery __=

**<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">State, District and School Data collected: **

 * **Qualifications and teacher to student Ratio** || **Rhode Island** || **South Kingstown** || **Kingston Child Development Center** ||
 * Teachers with Emergency Certification (2009) || 1% || <1% || all teachers are CPR/First Aid certified ||
 * Not highly Qualified Teachers || 3% || 1% || all teachers and Director at the CDC either have a M.Ed, B.S,or M.S in Education ||
 * teacher to Student Ratio || 1:11 || 1:9 || for the 2010-2011 preschool class (ages: 3-5): there are 2 preschools in the CDC the younger and older preschool and theres morning, afternoon and all day preschool the ratio is about 2:10 for each class for the 2010-2011 kindergarden class (ages: 5-6):2:13 ( this estimate is not including the studnet teachers and HDF/Child development studnets that come in for once a week practicums) ||

Annual pediatric CPR and first aid training is available for the director and teaching staff. One adult with pediatric CPR and first aid training will be at the CDC at all times. A CPR poster and choking poster is displayed in the kitchen areas. A first aid manual is available for adult use as needed. First aid supplies are kept in the locked first aid cabinet on the deck. Each staff member familiarizes themselves with this location, the supplies and the universal precautions described below. Fully equipped first aid kits always accompany a teacher in the “field trip backpack” whenever a group of children leave the Child Development Center. A fully equipped first aid kit is always in the entryway to the playground in case it is needed when children are playing on the playground. (S. D. G. Warford, personal communication, March 14, 2011).

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in;">The position of teacher at the University of Rhode Island Child Development Center is designed for a person with a Bachelors Degree in early childhood education, child development, or a closely related field who is certified by the State of Rhode Island in early childhood education. It is expected that the person have prior experience working with young children, preferably in a university laboratory school setting. In addition, it is expected that this person have supervisory experience as well as the capacity to articulate theoretical and empirical rationales for classroom practices. Because the Child Development Center is an integral part of the Department of Human Development and Family Studies, the position has 7 distinct but interrelated components that contribute to the missions of the Department:

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">1. Implement the day to day program for children at the Child Development Center.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">2. Communicate with families of the Child Development Center Program.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">3. Participate in the training and supervision of undergraduate practica students at the Child Development Center.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">4. Participate in the evaluation of the Child Development Center.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">5. Be aware of and contribute to program support and record keeping requirements.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">6. Participate in and facilitate approved research projects conducted at the Child Development Center.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 27pt; tab-stops: 27.0pt .75in; tabstops: 27.0pt .75in; text-indent: -27pt;">7. Serve as a representative of the Child Development Center.

(S. D. G. Warford, personal communication, March 14, 2011).

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The Child Development Center maintains developmentally appropriate teaching staff-child ratios within each group to facilitate adult-child relationships and interaction and constructive activity among children. The two preschool groups, made up of 10 children each, always have a teacher and an assistant for each group. The kindergarten group of 14 children always has a teacher and an assistant. These staff-child ratios are maintained at all hours of operation including indoor time, outdoor time, and on walking trips around campus.

Data collected from: [], (S. D. G. Warford, personal communication, March 14, 2011)<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">, and the Child Development Center Student Handbook 2009-2010.

=__<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">School Analysis __= <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Assessment at the Child Development Center is closely aligned with curricula goals and is based on the **Rhode Island Early Learning Standards for preschool and on the State of Rhode Island Kindergarten Grade Level Expectations**.

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Each child's progress will be assessed on an on-going basis through a variety of means including:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">observations
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">anecdotal records skill checklists
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">developmental screenings

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Each year, **standardized developmental testing is implemented**, with parental permission, when the State of Rhode Island **Child Outreach Screenings** are held at the Child Development Center in the late fall and when the URI Speech and Hearing Center conduct **speech and hearing screenings** in the early winter. Families received the results of these screenings shortly after they occur. ======

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">On an ongoing basis, the CDC uses **authentic assessment tools** which look at children's development in a number of domains including the following: ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">aesthetic ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">physical ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">social ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">emotional ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">cognitive ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">language development ======

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Additionally, the curriculum content areas of:
<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">are also assessed
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">early literacy ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">early mathematics ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">science ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">technology ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">creative expression and art ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">health and safety ======
 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">social studies ======

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Regularly, this information is transferred onto an assessment tool to enable the teacher to evaluate children's progress, as well as areas of interest, strength and need. ======

=
<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The information gathered is used by teachers to **individualize their curriculum planning** for the children in their group reflecting children’s interests and needs as well as to share information with families about the development of their child during scheduled conferences. ======

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">These conferences, held in November and May, are a valuable opportunity for teachers and families to exchange information in order to best support children and their families. At these conferences, families are asked to share their own goals for their child with their child’s teacher to enable the teacher to incorporate these goals into their ongoing planning. Occasionally, teachers or families identify children who would benefit from further evaluation to determine if services are needed to support the child’s successful inclusion in the Child Development Center. ======

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">At these times:

 * ======<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">families will be informed of the areas of concern ======
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">asked about their perceptions of the targeted area of development
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">described the strategies which have been tried to address the concern
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">advised about the resources available in the community to further investigate the concern

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">At all times, teachers respect families’ confidentiality and only share information about a child with other professionals after written consent is obtained from the family on the “Release of Information Authorization” form. The CDC maintains a list of specialists and consultants in the community who families can be referred to, depending upon the specific area of concern. ======

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The CDC has a sliding fee scale to encourage economic diversity in the families that enroll children in the CDC. Each year they also enroll a number of children with disabilities whose inclusion enriches their program in many ways. ====== (S. D. G. Warford, personal communication, March 14, 2011).

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<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">An anti-bias approach to the CDC <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> curriculum is one that challenges prejudice, stereotyping, and bias. At the Child Development Center <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"> they feel it is not enough for children to observe people of different gender, ethnicity and ability but rather we must actively intervene and challenge images that perpetuate stereotypes and bias. A natural task for the preprimary child is figuring out who they are and how they feel about themselves and those around them. Children construct their identity and attitudes through interactions and experiences within their environment. Gender, ethnicity, culture and physical ability are identity issues children struggle to understand during this period of development. Research has shown that children notice differences early. the CDC's goal is to develop an environment that encourages children to ask about their physical characteristics, provide accurate information in response to children’s questions or comments, help children feel pride in their identity, develop respect for each other and challenge biases they encounter. ======

=
Diverity is very important to the CDC so what the Child Development Center does with the children is to create an environment that is rich in possibilities for exploration of gender, race, culture and ability. They do this in a variety of ways. One way is to use images in the classroom that reflect a wide variety of people. Pictures in the classroom include children, staff and their families. Images include women and men doing jobs in and out of the home, elderly people, people with different physical abilities, people in diverse family structures, and people of diverse cultural backgrounds engaged in current daily activities. Books reflect accurate and diverse images of people. Materials, such as puzzles, Lego people, and games depict a variety of children and adults of different gender, race and ability. Through music, art and language, children have the opportunity to explore and experience diversity. ====== (S. D. G. Warford, personal communication, March 14, 2011).

At the Child Development Center their goal is to encourage children to develop positive attitudes about the many ways people differ from one another through active, purposeful intervention, opportunities for expanded experiences and confronting stereotypes to create a more just society. =__<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">Conclusion __= the CDC is dedicated to providing an exemplary early childhood education program that serves as a model of the best in early childhood practices. As the campus "lab school," the CDC also serves as a resource for early childhood educators in RI and New England. The CDC is a “Mentor Classroom” for the Rhode Island Department of Education’s Early Learning Standards Technical Assistance Project. Educators can call with questions or requests to observe the CDC program to learn more about developmentally appropriate, high quality early childhood practices. Additionally, the staff participates in outreach activities by being active in professional organizations devoted to young children, by presenting at state and regional conferences, and by serving as consultants in early childhood classrooms throughout Rhode Island.

=__<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 130%;">Referances __=

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"><span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Child Development Center Kingston(2010). Retrieved from University of Rhode Island: []

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">National Assosiation for the Education of Young Children(2010). Retrieved from []

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Rhode Island Department of Elementary and Secondary Education(2010). Retrieved from []

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">College of Human Development and family Studies.(2009-2010).//Student Handbook//.University Of Rhode Island Child Development Center.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Intro provides an overview of the upcoming analysis, including what school/district/community is being analyzed, what aspects are being analyzed, and who the report is intended to inform. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Intro names the school/district/community and previews the scope of the report, but does not describe who the report is intended to inform. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Intro names the school/district/community but not much else. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Intro fails to name the school, district, and community. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - No introduction section is apparent. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Constructive comments about report's introduction:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Organization = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report includes an Introduction, a Conclusion, and sections for the School, District, and Community. Within each section, paragraphs logically group the information presented. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report includes all of the sections mentioned previously, but does not break down information into paragraphs within each section. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report is missing one of the sections. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Report is missing more than one section. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report does not include any sections. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about report's organization:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Mechanics = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - All information in the report is cited using APA styled- citations after the information and in a Reference section at the end of the report. and There are extremely few typos and misspelled words in the report. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Most information is cited using APA style. and/or There are a noticeable number of typos or misspellings. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Some citations in the References section are not in APA style, e.g. URLs are listed without the title of the website. and/or There are many typos, misspellings, or other writing errors. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Most of the report's information is not cited, or APA style was not used. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report does not include a Reference section. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about report's organization:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Conclusion = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Conclusion reviews analysis of school, district and community and describes why findings should be important to reader. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Conclusion reviews analysis of school, district and community. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Conclusion does not refer back to report findings. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - No conclusion section is apparent. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about conclusion:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Creativity = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report is written in an engaging style. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report has some interesting sections. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report generally reports information without seemingly without purpose. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about presentation:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Thoroughness = REPLACEWITHSCORE /10 pts

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report includes at least ten different facts in each section (school, community, district) and compares each figure with another relevant figure (e.g. state or national average) and states whether or not the school is meeting NCLB standards. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report includes at least eight different facts in each section and compares most figures with relevant values and states whether or not the school is meeting NCLB standards. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report includes at least six different facts in each section and compares some of the figures to other relevant figures || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Report includes at least four different facts in each section and compares some of the figures to other relevant figures. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report includes less than four different facts for any section or fails to compare any figures with other relevant figures. ||


 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Intro provides an overview of the upcoming analysis, including what school/district/community is being analyzed, what aspects are being analyzed, and who the report is intended to inform. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Intro names the school/district/community and previews the scope of the report, but does not describe who the report is intended to inform. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Intro names the school/district/community but not much else. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Intro fails to name the school, district, and community. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - No introduction section is apparent. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Constructive comments about report's introduction:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Organization = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report includes an Introduction, a Conclusion, and sections for the School, District, and Community. Within each section, paragraphs logically group the information presented. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report includes all of the sections mentioned previously, but does not break down information into paragraphs within each section. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report is missing one of the sections. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Report is missing more than one section. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report does not include any sections. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about report's organization:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Mechanics = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - All information in the report is cited using APA styled- citations after the information and in a Reference section at the end of the report. and There are extremely few typos and misspelled words in the report. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Most information is cited using APA style. and/or There are a noticeable number of typos or misspellings. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Some citations in the References section are not in APA style, e.g. URLs are listed without the title of the website. and/or There are many typos, misspellings, or other writing errors. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Most of the report's information is not cited, or APA style was not used. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report does not include a Reference section. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about report's organization:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Conclusion = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Conclusion reviews analysis of school, district and community and describes why findings should be important to reader. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Conclusion reviews analysis of school, district and community. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Conclusion does not refer back to report findings. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - No conclusion section is apparent. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about conclusion:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Creativity = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report is written in an engaging style. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report has some interesting sections. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report generally reports information without seemingly without purpose. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about presentation:

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Thoroughness = REPLACEWITHSCORE /10 pts

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report includes at least ten different facts in each section (school, community, district) and compares each figure with another relevant figure (e.g. state or national average) and states whether or not the school is meeting NCLB standards. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report includes at least eight different facts in each section and compares most figures with relevant values and states whether or not the school is meeting NCLB standards. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report includes at least six different facts in each section and compares some of the figures to other relevant figures || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Report includes at least four different facts in each section and compares some of the figures to other relevant figures. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report includes less than four different facts for any section or fails to compare any figures with other relevant figures. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Constructive comments about report's introduction:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Intro provides an overview of the upcoming analysis, including what school/district/community is being analyzed, what aspects are being analyzed, and who the report is intended to inform. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Intro names the school/district/community and previews the scope of the report, but does not describe who the report is intended to inform. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Intro names the school/district/community but not much else. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Intro fails to name the school, district, and community. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - No introduction section is apparent. ||

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Organization = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about report's organization:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report includes an Introduction, a Conclusion, and sections for the School, District, and Community. Within each section, paragraphs logically group the information presented. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report includes all of the sections mentioned previously, but does not break down information into paragraphs within each section. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report is missing one of the sections. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Report is missing more than one section. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report does not include any sections. ||

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Mechanics = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about report's organization:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - All information in the report is cited using APA styled- citations after the information and in a Reference section at the end of the report. and There are extremely few typos and misspelled words in the report. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Most information is cited using APA style. and/or There are a noticeable number of typos or misspellings. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Some citations in the References section are not in APA style, e.g. URLs are listed without the title of the website. and/or There are many typos, misspellings, or other writing errors. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Most of the report's information is not cited, or APA style was not used. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report does not include a Reference section. ||

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Conclusion = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about conclusion:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Conclusion reviews analysis of school, district and community and describes why findings should be important to reader. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Conclusion reviews analysis of school, district and community. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Conclusion does not refer back to report findings. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - No conclusion section is apparent. ||

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Creativity = REPLACEWITHSCORE / 5 pts.
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 12pt;">Strengths and constructive comments about presentation:
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report is written in an engaging style. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report has some interesting sections. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report generally reports information without seemingly without purpose. ||

<span style="color: #4f81bd; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;">Thoroughness = REPLACEWITHSCORE /10 pts

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">5 - Report includes at least ten different facts in each section (school, community, district) and compares each figure with another relevant figure (e.g. state or national average) and states whether or not the school is meeting NCLB standards. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">4 - Report includes at least eight different facts in each section and compares most figures with relevant values and states whether or not the school is meeting NCLB standards. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">3 - Report includes at least six different facts in each section and compares some of the figures to other relevant figures || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">2 - Report includes at least four different facts in each section and compares some of the figures to other relevant figures. || <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">0 - Report includes less than four different facts for any section or fails to compare any figures with other relevant figures. ||