What+are+the+emotional+outcome+of+being+bullied?

What are the emotional outcomes of being bullied? Journal: Uhlig, George. (2008). **A review of the extent, nature, characteristics and effects of bullying behavior in schools.** // 35 // (2), Retrieved from http://www.freepatentsonline.com/article/Journal-

This article provides more background on the bully and describes them as being very strong in a physiological way and being well liked among their peers. This elevated status gives them a sense of power and makes more people listen to them which increases the effect they have on their targets. It estimates that in American schools there are 2.1 million bullies and 2.7 victims of bullying. In a study done of students in grades 4-8 upwards of 15% of students polled regarded that the bullying they endured made them severely distressed and 22% reported academic problems stemming from being maltreated by peers. Also stated in the article every day an estimated 160,000 students stay home from school because they are afraid of being bullied.

I found this article to be particularly helpful because it gave a percentage of victims that were extremely hurt by being bullied. Generally 15% doesn’t seem like a huge percentage, but when you think of how many people were really hurt by bullies, but didn’t tell anyone it is pretty shocking. Bullying hurts in more ways than physically, it also hurts mentally, emotionally and developmentally, but most people don’t consider these impacts when they think about how bullying hurts. Also, 160,000 children staying home from school from fear of being bullied is just way too high a number, no child should be afraid of going to school.

Journal: Hoover, J. (2000). **Bullying: Perceptions of adolescent victims in the Midwestern USA**. //13//(1), Retrieved from http://spi.sagepub.com/content/13/1/5.full.pdf html

The main information in this article is the impact bullying has on both males and females. It stated that group affiliation is extremely important during childhood adolescence. Their identities aren’t fully developed and they look to their peers for reassurance and support in order to find themselves. When children are repeatedly denied support from their peers are known to suffer from low self-esteem later in life. This sense of low self-esteem may never recover and as they grow into adulthood they will have this lowered inner reflection of themselves which leads to a feeling of isolation from others. Female adolescents who fall victim to bullying found it more emotionally troublesome than males.

This article was very helpful in that it explains why bullying has such a negative effect on people. It provided more insight into the victim’s life than the others and it goes more into the psychological reasons that bullying hurts. We are always hearing that words hurt, but we never really know just how much they can hurt. It was more from the perspective of a psychologist than a statistically minded individual. It related to my other articles really well in that it provided a basis for the many outcomes of bullying and it showed why the outcomes of bullying are so destructive.

Analysis Article: McNamara, S. (2012, Sept 20). **Hazing = Bullying**. // NYTimes //. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/25/opinion/hazing-bullying.html?ref=bullies

The main focus of this article was to show that hazing is the same exact thing as bullying and the hurt they inflict on the victims are the same. It presents the view that bullies will only go as far as bystanders allow them to. Hazing is essentially the same thing in that it exists purely to embarrass and ostracize the intended target, but it often seen as just a harmless initiation into some group. The victims of both hazing and bullying face the same long term effects associated with it and can lead to the same heavy psychological issues in their victims lives. In both cases social isolation or scorn can have a devastating effect on the intended target and their developmental progression in life may be negatively altered.

 I found this article to be helpful because it provided new insight into my question and related it to the idea of hazing. Incidents of either hazing or bullying are capable of posing terrible effects on the targets lives and the embarrassment may follow them way into adulthood. The only main difference between the two presented in this article was hazing tends to be associated with late teenagers and young adults, whereas bullying is associated with really any age. This article further infers that bullying can be extremely detrimental to a student’s life and it has the ability to stay with them throughout their lives.

Editorial:

Stevens, R. (2009, July 8). **Woman tells lawmakers about son**. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/07/08/house.bullying/index.html?

This article contained a mothers story about the suicide of her son, Carl Joseph Walker-Hoover, an eleven year old boy whom after enduring endless ridicule and taunting decided to end his own life in 2009. His classmates called him names and despite his parent's attempts to cheer him up he saw the only way out to be ending his life. The article included words from the Representative from New York, Carolyn McCarthy that included "the emotional and physical effects of bullying are becoming more severe and that the acts of bullying can continue outside of school." It also included that an estimated 30 percent of school- aged children in the USA are involved in bullying, meaning either they are the bully or they are the target of the bully. The mother of Carl mentions a few times throughout the article that bullying is not an inevitable part of growing up and it is in fact preventable.

I really liked this article because although suicide is a very sad topic and it is very depressing to hear of such a young boy taking his own life, if his story can be used to raise awareness about the hurtful effects of bullying then maybe some positive can come from this sad occurrence. Bullying isn't an isolated event, it occurs repeatedly and everywhere. By working to eliminate bullying from schools, Rhode Island schools will no doubt be improved. I think it is a step in the right direction that people are finally talking about bullying and how big of an issue it really is. I also think having people of elevated status such as state reps. talking about the issue may also help to put an end to it once and for all.

Reputable Website:

Sourander, A. (2007). What is the early adulthood outcome of boys who bully or are bullied in childhood? the finnish “from a boy to a man” study. // 120 // (2), 397-404. Retrieved from http://www.pediatricsdigest.mobi/content/120/2/397.short

The overall point of this article is to shine light on the overall outcome on boys who were either bullies or bullied during the time they were adolescents. It explains the results from the Finnish "from a boy to a man" study conducted in 1989 when the boys were 8 years old based on info collected from the boys themselves, teachers and parents. The study was taken from a sample of 2540 males born in 1981 and found the children continually bullied fell victim to a large number of disorders. The boys who were the victims experienced anxiety disorders, while the bullies themselves experienced antisocial personality disorder in addition to anxiety disorder. Within 10-15 years of this study 28% of the boys used in the study were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.

This article is very important because it directly relates bullying and the development of some pretty damaging disorders in the victims. The other articles explained the risks involved with the issue of bullying but they weren't proof that it happens like this one is. A lot of people need to see something before they believe it and with this issue I think many people need to see it directly relates to these horrible outcomes before they commit to taking a stand and start developing a plan to attack bullying head on. The results found from this study are alarming, something needs to be done. I think it would be really beneficial for many reasons to re-conduct this study today and see if the results have improved or if things have gone down the wrong path. I definitely think the results of this new study would show that the amount of bullying taking place has increased and the effects on the victims are much more severe than they previously were.